Dangers of using AI to create Risk Assessments and Method Statements

In recent years, the construction industry has witnessed a surge in artificial intelligence (AI) and mobile applications promising to streamline the creation of Risk Assessments and Method Statements (RAMS). While these technological solutions offer convenience, there are significant concerns about their reliability and compliance with UK regulations.

Here, we examine why construction professionals should maintain human oversight and expertise in RAMS development rather than depending solely on automated solutions.

The Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 places specific legal duties on employers to ensure workplace safety. This responsibility cannot be delegated to automated systems. Under the Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 2015 (CDM 2015), principal contractors must ensure that suitable and sufficient risk assessments are conducted and appropriate method statements are developed. These legal obligations require competent persons to make informed decisions based on professional judgment and site-specific conditions.

Limitations of AI and Apps

While technology can assist in RAMS preparation, AI and apps have inherent limitations that make them unsuitable as standalone solutions. Most automated systems rely on generic templates that cannot fully account for unique project circumstances or site-specific challenges. For instance, an AI system cannot evaluate the impact of changing weather conditions, adjacent structures, or local traffic patterns without human input.

Furthermore, AI lacks the ability to understand complex human factors such as worker behaviour, experience levels, and cultural considerations. These systems operate within predetermined parameters and cannot adapt to unexpected situations or emergency scenarios that experienced professionals can anticipate and address.

Critical Human Elements in RAMS

Professional expertise and experience are irreplaceable components in developing effective RAMS. Competent persons bring:

• Historical knowledge of similar projects and their challenges
• Understanding of worker capabilities and limitations
• Ability to evaluate site-specific risks in context
• Experience in stakeholder communication and consultation
• Practical knowledge of control measure implementation

These human elements ensure that RAMS are not just compliant documents but practical tools that enhance workplace safety.

Potential Consequences of Over-Reliance

Over-dependence on automated RAMS solutions can lead to serious consequences:

• Legal non-compliance and potential prosecution
• Increased risk of workplace accidents
• Inadequate hazard identification and control
• Financial penalties and reputational damage
• Insurance complications in the event of incidents

Best Practice Recommendations

To maintain high standards in RAMS development:

• Adopt a hybrid approach using technology to support, not replace, professional judgment
• Ensure competent persons review and verify all automated outputs
• Maintain regular training and professional development
• Implement robust quality control processes
• Document decision-making rationale and site-specific considerations

Quality assurance measures should include:

• Regular review of RAMS by qualified professionals
• Site visits to verify control measure effectiveness
• Consultation with workers and stakeholders
• Documentation of amendments and updates
• Periodic audits of RAMS processes

Future Considerations

While technology will continue to evolve, the construction industry must maintain professional standards in safety management. This includes:

• Investing in professional development
• Maintaining competency requirements
• Balancing technological efficiency with safety effectiveness
• Ensuring compliance with evolving regulations

Conclusion

While AI and apps can provide valuable support in RAMS preparation, they should not be relied upon as complete solutions. The construction industry must maintain human expertise and oversight to ensure safety documentation meets legal requirements and effectively protects workers. Companies should invest in both technological tools and professional development to maintain high standards in safety management. Construction professionals must remember that RAMS are not merely administrative exercises but critical tools for protecting lives and ensuring project success.

The human element in their preparation remains indispensable, and no technology can fully replace professional judgment and experience in this crucial aspect of construction safety management.